托福閱讀的考試除了要求學(xué)生有一定的詞匯量以及夯實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)以外，面對(duì)題型非常豐富的考試，掌握一定的閱讀技巧是非常有必要的。

技巧一： 熟用定位法

托福閱讀的考試一個(gè)小時(shí)完成三篇，平均每篇20分鐘。20分鐘要包括完成閱讀700字左右的文章，以及12-14到題目，包括看題目以及四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。時(shí)間是非常緊張的。如果毫無(wú)目的的先看文章，在看題目，在回頭找答案是非常耗時(shí)的。面對(duì)托福的閱讀的主流題型-事實(shí)信息題（3-5個(gè)/篇）來(lái)說(shuō)，用題目里的關(guān)鍵字定位到文章找到關(guān)鍵句，然后進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換，既省時(shí)又能提升正確率。那么關(guān)鍵詞怎么找？一般來(lái)說(shuō)，就是題目的里的名詞進(jìn)行有效定位。定位的方法有以下幾類：

1）專有名詞，比如人名或地名

2）數(shù)字定位（不管是題目里還是答案出現(xiàn)數(shù)字，都用數(shù)字定位）Paragraph 5 ：The coastal hypothesis has gained increasing support in recent years because the remains of large land animals, such as caribou and brown bears, have been found in southeastern Alaska dating between 10,000 and 12,500 years ago. This is the time period in which most scientists formerly believed the area to be inhospitable for humans. It has been suggested that if the environment were capable of supporting breeding populations of bears, there would have been enough food resources to support humans. Fladmark and other believe that the first human colonization of America occurred by boat along the Northwest Coast during the very late Ice Age, possibly as early as 14,000 years ago. The most recent geologic evidence indicates that it may have been possible for people to colonize ice-free regions along the continental shelf that were still exposed by the lower sea level between13,000 and 14,000 years ago.

題目：According to paragraph 5，the most recent geologic research provides support for a first colonization of America dating as far as back as A）16000 years ago

B）14000 years ago

C）12500 years ago

D）10000years ago

題目解析：這道題目是答案里出現(xiàn)數(shù)字，通過(guò)答案的數(shù)字直接定位到文章，A答案16000，文章里沒有，暫時(shí)先放一下，14000在文章出現(xiàn)的地方有兩個(gè)。關(guān)鍵句在文章里已用紅色標(biāo)出。First human colonization應(yīng)該可以追溯到14000年之前。所以應(yīng)該是B。

機(jī)考的時(shí)候，對(duì)于密密麻麻的文字來(lái)說(shuō)，出現(xiàn)數(shù)字的時(shí)候一定是比較醒目比較容易找到的。

3）題目里的關(guān)鍵詞會(huì)原文名詞的同義替換

原文technical problems與題目里的 technological?inadequacies?想對(duì)應(yīng)

技巧二：善抓邏輯詞

邏輯詞的考點(diǎn)在托福閱讀的多種題型中都有反應(yīng)

1）事實(shí)信息題中以why 開頭的題目，考的就是因果邏輯關(guān)系。

段落里出現(xiàn)“therefore， due to，accordingly，as a result，hence，as“的時(shí)候就代表前后是因果的邏輯關(guān)系。

2）句子簡(jiǎn)化題

此題型考察的是句子內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系，可以通過(guò)句子中的邏輯詞直接鎖定答案。

以TPO China Pottery這篇為例

The tradition of religious sculpture extends over most historical periods but is less clearly delineated than that of stone wares or porcelains, for it embraces the old custom of earthenware burial ceramics with later religious images and architectural ornament.

A.While?stonewares?and?porcelains?are?found?throughout?most?historical?

periods,?religious sculpture?is?limited?to?the?ancient?period.

B.Religious?sculpture?was?created?in?most?periods,?but?its?history?is?less?

clear?than?that?of stone wares?or porcelains?because?some old?forms?

continued?to?be?used?even?when?new?ones?were?developedC.While?stonewares?and?porcelains?changed?throughout?history,?religious?

sculpture?remained uniform?in?form?and?use.

D.The?historical?development?of?religious?sculpture?is?relatively?unclear?

because?religious sculptures?sometimes?resemble?earthenware?architectural?ornaments.

這句話里面有明顯的兩個(gè)邏輯詞“but”和for”。已經(jīng)非常清楚了表明了這個(gè)句子兩個(gè)重要的點(diǎn)，for 應(yīng)該理解為因?yàn)椤Ｕ湓拺?yīng)該理解為：宗教雕塑的傳統(tǒng)貫穿了中國(guó)歷史的大部分時(shí)期，但是它們不像粗陶器或者瓷器那樣在歷史中描述的那么清楚，因?yàn)樗伺阍崽沾傻呐f工藝，又用到了后來(lái)的宗教雕塑和建筑裝飾。那么B答案也有非明顯的相對(duì)應(yīng)的邏輯詞but 和because，直接鎖定B答案。然后在看下句子的表達(dá)的意思是完全正確的。

3） 句子插入題

此題型考察的是句子與句子之間的內(nèi)部邏輯關(guān)系

以真題“Origins of the Megaliths”為例

Renfrew has studied two circumscribed areas, the Scottish islands of Arran and Rousay, to examine this hypothesis more closely. ■He found that a division of the arable land into territories, each containing one megalith, results in units that correspond in size to the individual farming communities of recent times in the same area. ■Each unit supported between 10 and 50 people. ■The labor needed to put up a megalith would probably be beyond the capabilities of a community this size. ■But Renfrew argues that the cooperation of other communities could be secured by some form of recognized social incentive perhaps a period of feasting at which communal building was one of several activities.

插入的句子：So it might seem that megaliths could not have been used by an individual community to mark its land.

So 表示結(jié)果，結(jié)果是這些megaliths 有可能不是一個(gè)community在用。那么前面應(yīng)該會(huì)講導(dǎo)致此觀點(diǎn)的原因。D前面“the labor needed to put up a megalith would probably be beyond the capabilities of a community this size”. 修建需要的人手可能超過(guò)了一個(gè)社區(qū)的尺寸（暗示無(wú)法完成）。D之后轉(zhuǎn)折講通過(guò)feasting方式解決。

技巧三： 縷清段落結(jié)構(gòu)跟文章結(jié)構(gòu)

修辭目的題的題型簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)就是考察學(xué)生對(duì)段落結(jié)構(gòu)的把握。題型會(huì)問(wèn)作者提到的一個(gè)example或者文章中做的實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是什么。Example 跟 experiment 的details不重要。最關(guān)鍵要找論點(diǎn)。把握段落結(jié)構(gòu)就能把握住題型。

小結(jié)題也就是所有文章的最后一個(gè)題型6選3 的題型，所選的答案是要能反應(yīng)段落主旨的。

一般來(lái)說(shuō)例子，具體的details都不能去選擇，因?yàn)椴荒芊磻?yīng)段落主旨。答案一定是能反應(yīng)段落主旨的。此題型考察的是學(xué)生能否把握住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。比如現(xiàn)象解釋說(shuō)明文，一般文章開頭提出現(xiàn)象以后，后面幾個(gè)段落都是在解釋為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)此現(xiàn)象的。

技巧四：否定事實(shí)信息題題型技巧

否定事實(shí)信息題就要注意段落里連續(xù)出現(xiàn)并列的地方。答案是選擇表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤的那個(gè)，可能是原文not mention的信息或者是跟原文信息表達(dá)不符的。那么也就說(shuō)明其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)在原文都有對(duì)應(yīng)的地方，可以通過(guò)排除法來(lái)選出答案技巧五： 詞匯題題型技巧

詞匯題是除事實(shí)信息題以外的另一大主流題型，該題型的特色是：題量大，難度低。積累詞匯量可以提升學(xué)生此題型的正確率，又非常節(jié)省時(shí)間。那么在考試的過(guò)程中遇見生詞或者自己遺忘了單詞，還有什么方法可以提升做詞匯題的正確率呢？

1）  詞根詞綴法

homogeneous，這個(gè)詞可以拆分三部分homo-gene-ous，home是表示同類的前綴，gene：基因，ous是形容詞常見的后綴，連起來(lái)是同一類基因的，有同類組成的。

2）  通過(guò)詞性的褒貶色彩

TPO 1-2-1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to A.changed 

B.debated

C.created

D.supported

champion這個(gè)詞名詞的時(shí)候是冠軍的意思，這里加了ed 很明顯是動(dòng)詞用，屬于褒義詞，那么選項(xiàng)里只有D這個(gè)詞還是屬于褒義詞，A中性詞，B，貶義詞，C中性詞

3）  利用句子的邏輯關(guān)系去推測(cè)單詞的意義。

4）  切記不要直接帶入，有的時(shí)候帶入的那個(gè)單詞意思也很通暢，但是題目的詞匯本身是沒有單詞的意思。詞匯題的答案一定要基于單詞本身！

A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.

The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) drop

(B) extend

(C) melt

(D) drift

這個(gè)詞匯題很多學(xué)生會(huì)選擇melt，覺得這個(gè)冰融化到海洋里，引起海水位的上升。看上去很說(shuō)的通。但是plunge這個(gè)詞本身沒有融化的意思，而是跌落，所以只能選擇A。

小編就介紹到這里了！